Neurorestorative Roles of Microgliosis and Astrogliosis in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration

Authors

  • Babatunde Oluwafemi Adetuyi Biochemistry Unit, Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, Precious Cornerstone University, Ibadan, Nigeria
  • Pere-Ebi Yabrade Toloyai Department of Medical Biochemistry, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, 330106,
  • Evelyn Tarela Ojugbeli Department of Physiology, Babcock University, Ilishan, Ogun State, 121003
  • Oluwatosin Adefunke Adetuyi Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, United State, 79430
  • Chukwuemelie Zedech Uche Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria.
  • Michael Chinedu Olisah Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Anambra State- 431124, Nigeria.
  • Obinna Chukwuemeka Uchenna Adumanya Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Umuagwo, Imo State, Nigeria.
  • Chukwudi Jude Chikwendu Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Anambra State- 431124, Nigeria.
  • Johra Khan Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
  • Muhammad Akram Department of Eastern Medicines, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
  • Chinaza Godswill Awuchi School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda.
  • Chukwuebuka Egbuna Africa Centre of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), Nutritional Biochemistry and Toxicology Unit, University of Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54117/sjmams.v1i1.1

Keywords:

Microglia, Astrogliosis, Neurodegeneration, Inflammation, Neurorestoration

Abstract

The pathophysiological processes involved in neurodegenerative diseases have not been clearly defined. Nevertheless, a significant aspect of the proof focuses directly on the function of several mechanisms of inflammation. The immune system is represented in the central nervous system by the microglial cell capable of detecting harmful or foreign pathogens, and thus initiates self-activation and neuro-inflammatory processes via phagocytosis and cytokines release, to maintain the cellular microenvironment. Then, microglial cells can spawn an emphasis on persistent inflammation that sometimes precedes or promote the neurodegenerative processes. Hence, the neuro-inflammatory micro-environment turns toxic and damaging to the neuronal cell, leading to degeneration and release of several factors which trigger an inflammatory reaction of the microglia, activating the neurodegenerative cycle. The biomechanical properties of the brain, neuronal regeneration, and plasticity can be modified by reactive gliosis. Defining the inception and development of reactive microgliosis and astrogliosis is vital for better clinical treatments design.

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Published

2021-12-07

How to Cite

Adetuyi, B. O., Toloyai, P.-E. Y. ., Ojugbeli, E. T., Adetuyi, O. A., Uche, C. Z. ., Olisah, M. C. ., Adumanya, O. C. U. ., Chikwendu, C. J. ., Khan, J. ., Akram, M., Awuchi, C. G., & Egbuna, C. (2021). Neurorestorative Roles of Microgliosis and Astrogliosis in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration. Scicom Journal of Medical and Applied Medical Sciences, 1(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.54117/sjmams.v1i1.1